Abstract

In the study of Chinese poetry in the Middle ancient time，the poem on history is a relatively weak aspect. Most of the existing studies focus on simple descriptive research，and lack of in-depth research and analysis. On the basis of previous studies，this topic hopes to further expand the research perspective，extract a number of core issues，and analyze these issues from the perspectives of the consciousness of commenting and thinking about history，subject selection，social atmosphere，creative tradition，writing skills，stylistic interaction，etc. This paper holds that the unique style of the poem on history in the middle ancient time in China is directly related to the literary consciousness of the society at that time. Therecording and commenting of scholar and women is also an important reason for the formation of its artistic style. This paper is divided into five chapters：

The first chapter focuses on the concept and types of poems on history in the Middle Ancient time in China，and briefly analyzes the artistic characteristics of different types .This paper defines poems on history from two levels：in a narrow sense，it refers to poets who record or comment on real historical figures and events in the form of poetry，in a broad sense，it refers to the poet's recording，commenting or praising the historical image created by the real history，historical information carrier and literary history tradition . According to this definition，poems on history are divided into three types：recording history，commenting on history and praising history.

The second chapter focuses on the consciousness of commenting on and thinking about history，which promotes the generation and development of poems on history，and focuses on the “the consciousness of commenting on and thinking about history”and “tradition of recounting ancestors”in literature since the Han Dynasty. This paper argues that with the development of historical concepts in the Han Dynasty，writers began to quote and comment on history in a large number when creating poems. The concept of “commenting on and thinking about history”has sprouted in various literary forms，which is the direct reason for the creation of poems on history. From then on，to the Jin and Southern Dynasties，under the influence of the patriarchal system，the tradition of “praising ancestors' virtue”emerged in literature；At the same time，the royal families of all dynasties also constantly “praise the merits of the previous kings”to prove their legitimacy in the process of worshipping their ancestors. This is the inheritance of the concept of the Han Dynasty，and also the external reason for promoting the development of poems on history.

The third chapter focuses on the phenomenons and reasons of the concentration of the “scholar theme”in the poems on history in the middle ancient time in China. This chapter believes that the formation of the tradition of “commenting on and thinking about about history”has promoted the poet to constantly ponder two questions：what is the significance and value of the family tradition？How do you inherit the family tradition and realize the value of life？This made the “scholar theme”become the most important theme of poems on history in the middle ancient time. From Zuo Si to Tao Yuanming and Yan Yanzhi，they continued to praise and discuss the scholars they admire，which is also their inheritance of the spirit of Jian'an literature. In the Southern Dynasty，this theme gradually subsided，resulting in the decline of the Jian'an literary spirit contained in the poems on history.

The forth chapter focuses on the “theme of women”in peoms on history in the middle ancient time in China . Taking the female images of “Qiuhu's wife”，“Ban Jieyu”，“Princess of Chu”，“Wang Zhaojun”，“Dancers of the Bronze Bird Platform”，“Chen Ajiao”as the core，this paper analyzes the characteristics of this development and change. This paper holds that the female theme in the Western Jin Dynasty has an obvious tendency of “respecting virtue”. After the rise of Gongti poetry in the Southern Dynasty，the description of women has become one of the most important themes of poetry. This also affected the content of poems on history. With the convergence of aesthetic tastes of poets in the Southern Dynasty and the modern times of ancient Yuefu，the description of women in poems on history began to close to boudoir resentment. This also reflecteed the transformation of the poetic style of Jin，Song，Qi and Liang dynasties from ancient times to modern times.

The fifth chapter focuses on the interaction between poems on history and other poetry themes：In the Wei and Jin Dynasties，with the development of “The consciousness of commenting and thinking about history”，a large number of historical figures and historical events appeared in various poetic genres，resulting in similarities in writing materials. During the Qi and Liang Dynasties，with the continuous transformation of the theme of poems on history，poems on history began to show similar artistic features with the popular poetry themes at that time.The reasons of this phenomenon are very complex. The main reason is that before Qi and Liang Dynasties，poets did not have a clear sense of theme when they wrote poems，but only created according to the tradition of poetry. Although Xiao Tong tried to distinguish different poetry subjects when editing poetry categories，there still existed the problem of non-standard classification. This also reflected the general characteristics of the development of Chinese poetry in the Middle ancient.

In the specific research process，this paper also makes a more in-depth and detailed analysis and interpretation of the representative works of Lu Ji，Zuo Si，Tao Yuanming and others，and puts forward some new introduction and analysis.

Key Words： Middle Ancient Time in China，Poems on History，Consciousness of Thinking and Commenting on History，Artistic Characteristics，Poetry Theme