Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A
News Report One
听力原文&译文
[1] A device that weighs less than one kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moon in 2019. If successful, the tiny device will provide the moon with its first-ever mobile phone network. The lunar network will support high-definition streaming of video and data between the moon and Earth. The network is part of Mission to the Moon. This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid-for mission to the moon. The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a Space X Falcon 9 rocket in 2019. Mission to the Moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the moon. The scientists working on the project opted to build a 4G rather than a fifth generation or 5G network. This is because fifth generation networks are still in testing and trial phases. [2] This means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to work on the moon’s surface.
[1] 一个重量不足一公斤的装置是一项(月球)任务的组成部分,该任务将使科学家们能够在2019年将第四代或者说4G移动网络覆盖到月球上。若此举成功的话,这个微小的装置将会有史以来首次为月球提供移动手机网络。月球上的网络会支持月球和地球之间高清晰度的视频影像及数据的传输。该网络是“月球任务”的一部分。“月球任务”是一个(太空)项目,其目标是实现首次私人付费登月任务。4G网络计划于2019年在美国卡纳维拉尔角由SpaceX公司的猎鹰9号火箭送往月球。此次月球任务旨在在月球上建立并测试通信网络的第一批元件。致力于该项目的科学家选择建立4G网络,而非第五代(5G)网络。这是因为5G网络仍处于测试和试用阶段。[2] 那意味着5G网络还不够稳定,不足以在月球表面上使用。
听前预测
利用播放答题导语的时间,快速浏览每道题的四个选项。由选项关键词moon、mobile phones、network、device、sophisticated可知,这则新闻很可能是关于月球上的移动网络装置的,听音时应侧重这些方面。
1.A) Land a space vehicle on the moon in 2019.
B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.
C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.
D) Gather data from the moon with a tiny device.
Q: What are scientists planning to do?
A) 2019年在月球上着陆一个航天器。
B) 设计新一代的手机。
C) 在月球上建立手机网络。
D) 通过微小的装置从月球收集数据。
问:科学家计划做什么?
▶ 做题提示:四个选项都是动词性短语,其中两项跟月球有关(moon),两项跟手机或手机网络有关(mobile phones、mobile phone network)。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容,结合选项作答。
▶ 解析:新闻首句提到,一个重量不足一公斤的装置是一项(月球)任务的组成部分,该任务将使科学家们能够在2019年将第四代或者说4G移动网络覆盖到月球上。因此选项C为正确答案,排除选项A。
2.A) It is stable.
B) It is durable.
C) It is inexpensive.
D) It is sophisticated.
Q: Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission?
A) 它是稳定的。
B) 它是耐用的。
C) 它价格低廉。
D) 它是精密的。
问:为什么科学家在他们的任务中选择建立4G网络?
▶ 做题提示:四个选项都以it作主语,且都是主系表结构,可推测本题应该是描述某事物的特征的。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容,确定it的指代对象,结合选项作答。
▶ 解析:由新闻末尾的内容可知,科学家之所以选择在月球上建立4G网络而非5G网络的原因是5G网络还在测试阶段,目前尚不稳定。由此可推测,4G网络足够稳定,所以科学家选择在月球建立4G网络,答案为选项A。
News Report Two
听力原文&译文
Firefighters responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Haywood. The fire was reported at 9:26 pm at an old shopping center on Mission Avenue near St. Mary’s Church. Six fire engines, two trucks and two chiefs responded to the scene. Crews had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin. [3] There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but there were no reports of any injuries. Fire investigators have responded to the scene but have not yet determined the cause of the fire. Firefighters will remain on the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn’t start up again. The shopping mall had not been in use since 2002. [4] In 2014 City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable housing. However, the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.
周三晚上,海伍德一座废弃的购物中心发生火灾,消防员随即出动。据报道,晚上9点26分,使命大道上圣玛丽大教堂附近的一座年久的购物中心发生火灾。六辆消防车、两辆卡车和两位消防官员到达现场。消防人员在大约45分钟内控制住了火势,并设法将火势控制在起火点。[3]火灾爆发时,大楼里有一些人,不过没有任何人员受伤的报告。火灾调查员们已经来到火灾现场,但还没有确定火灾起因。消防员们会继续守在现场直到今天早晨晚些时候,以确保火不会复燃。这座购物中心自2002年起便不再使用。[4] 2014年,市政厅制定了一项计划,决定拆毁大楼并用经济适用房代替。然而,该计划由于缺乏资金而被放弃。
听前预测
利用播放答题导语的时间,快速浏览每道题的四个选项。由选项关键词injuries、building、burned、firefighters、shopping mall可知,本则新闻很可能报道发生在一座大楼的火灾。
3.A) It lasted more than six hours.
B) No injuries were yet reported.
C) Nobody was in the building when it broke out.
D) It had burned for 45 minutes by the time firefighters arrived.
Q: What does the news item say about the fire?
A) 它持续了六个多小时。
B) 目前还没有人员受伤报告。
C) 它爆发时大楼里没有人。
D) 当消防员到达时,它已经燃烧了45分钟。
问:关于火灾,新闻说了什么?
▶ 做题提示:四个选项都使用了过去时态,其中两个选项以it开头,三个选项跟事故有关(injuries、broke out、burned),可推测本题可能考查某起事故。
▶ 解析:新闻中提到,火灾爆发时,大楼里有一些人,不过没有任何人员受伤的报告,因此选项B为正确答案,排除选项C。新闻中说消防员到达后在45分钟内控制住了火情,但并不是说消防员到达现场时火已经燃烧了45分钟,可排除选项D。
4.A) Recruit and train more firefighters.
B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.
C) Turn the shopping mall into an amusement park.
D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.
Q: What had City Hall planned to do?
A) 招聘并训练更多的消防员。
B) 拆毁那座废弃的购物中心。
C) 把那座购物中心变成游乐园。
D) 寻找资金来翻修当地社区。
问:市政厅原本计划做什么?
▶ 做题提示:四个选项都是动词短语,其中两项跟购物中心有关(pull down、turn...into an amusement park)。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容,结合选项作答。
▶ 解析:新闻末尾提到,2014年,市政厅制定了一项计划,决定拆毁大楼并用经济适用房代替,因此选项B为正确答案,排除选项C,其余两项新闻中未提及。
News Report Three
听力原文&译文
Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6 times their normal price. This is after the country’s main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato shortage. [5] Storms and floods in its main potato growing region last year caused the worst harvest in more than 3 decades. Local media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival Koike-Ya are halting almost 50 products.
“We don’t know when we’ll be able to restart,” a company spokesman said. Snack lovers are panic buying and many supermarket shelves are bare. Japanese laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese-made products. [6] Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports. It still only allows potatoes from selected US states. This is only at certain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports.
[7] But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.
日本的炸薯条目前售价是平常的6倍。这一状况发生在因土豆短缺日本的主要制造商停止销售炸薯条之后。[5] 去年,日本主要土豆生产地区遭遇暴风雨和洪水灾害,导致该地区的土豆产量创30多年来的最低纪录。当地新闻报道称,卡乐比及其主要竞争对手湖池屋即将停止销售近50种产品。
一位公司的发言人说:“我们不知道何时才可以重新开始生产。”零食爱好者正在疯狂抢购,许多超市的货架被抢购一空。日本法律限制日本产品使用进口土豆的数量。[6] 日本称,阻止进口新鲜土豆的主要原因是害怕引起(作物)疾病。日本仍然只允许进口来自美国某些州的土豆。而且,这种情况也只是在特定的时间发生,条件是土豆要在日本港口附近的工厂经过加工处理。
[7] 但全球变暖增加了国内农产品更频繁地受到罕见天气事件严重影响的可能性。
听前预测
利用播放答题导语的时间,快速浏览每道题的四个选项。由选项关键词potato farming、import、potato supply以及第7道题四个选项提到的四种影响因素可知,这则新闻很可能是关于土豆产量的,且涉及产量不足的原因,听音时应侧重这些方面。
5.A) Shrinking potato farming.
B) Heavy reliance on import.
C) Widespread plant disease.
D) Insufficient potato supply.
Q: What problem is Japan facing?
A) 土豆种植量缩减。
B) 严重依赖进口。
C) 植物病害蔓延。
D) 土豆供应不足。
问:日本目前正面临什么问题?
▶ 做题提示:四个选项都是名词性短语,且都描述了四种负面情况,可推测本题应该考查出现的某种问题。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容,结合选项作答。
▶ 解析:新闻开头部分提到,去年,日本主要土豆生产地区遭遇暴风雨和洪水灾害,导致该地区的土豆产量创30多年来的最低纪录,因此选项D为正确答案。选项A不符合新闻内容,新闻中并没有提到土豆种植量缩减,而是说产量减少,造成土豆供应不足。选项B和选项C的内容与新闻内容相悖,可排除。
6.A) It intends to keep its traditional diet.
B) It wants to expand its own farming.
C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.
D) It is worried about unfair competition.
Q: Why does Japan limit the import of potatoes?
A) 它试图保留其传统饮食。
B) 它想扩大自己的种植。
C) 它害怕疾病传播。
D) 它担心不公平竞争。
问:日本为什么限制土豆的进口?
▶ 做题提示:四个选项都以it开头,注意四个选项的关键词traditional diet、expand...farming、spread of disease、unfair competition。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容,结合选项作答。
▶ 解析:新闻后半部分提到,日本称,阻止进口新鲜土豆的主要原因是害怕引起(作物)疾病。因此选项C为正确答案。其余三个选项新闻未提到,可排除。
7.A) Global warming.
B) Ever-rising prices.
C) Government regulation.
D) Diminishing investment.
Q: What might affect Japanese domestic produce?
A) 全球变暖。
B) 价格不断上涨。
C) 政府管控。
D) 投资减少。
问:影响日本国内农产品的因素可能是什么?
▶ 做题提示:四个选项都是名词性短语,其中三项涉及负面因素,可推测本题考查某事的原因。听到问题后立刻回忆所听新闻内容,结合选项作答。
▶ 解析:新闻末尾提到,但全球变暖增加了国内农产品更频繁地受到罕见天气事件严重影响的可能性。由此可知,全球变暖可能会影响日本国内农产品,故选A。其余三项新闻未提到,可排除。
Section B
Conversation One
听力原文&译文
M: [8] Mr. Brown’s lectures are so boring.
W: Yes, he is not a very exciting speaker. But the subject is interesting.
M: During every one of these lectures, I try to listen, I really try. But after about 10 minutes my mind begins to wander and I lose concentration. But I see that you seem to be OK. How do you stay focused through the entire hour?
W: [9] Well, what I do is keep my pen moving.
M: What do you mean?
W: It’s a method of active concentration I read about. [9] One of the most effective ways to concentrate is to write things down. But it has to be done by hand, not typing on a keyboard. You see, writing by hand forces you to actually engage with what you’re learning in a more physical way.
M: Do you review your notes afterwards then?
W: Sometimes, but that’s not important. My notes may or may not be useful, but the point is that by writing down what Mr. Brown says, I can follow his line of thinking more easily. In fact, sometimes I draw a little, too.
M: You draw in class, and that helps you pay attention?
W: Yes, honestly, it works for me. I just draw little lines and nonsense really. It was also in that article I read. [10] It can keep the mind active, prevent getting bored and help to concentrate. Again, the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen moving. If I’m at home and I need to study, what I do is read out loud. It has a similar effect to writing by hand. [11] It helps memorize information in a physical way.
男:[8] 布朗先生的讲座太无聊了。
女:是的,他不是一个非常激动人心的演讲者。但这个科目很有趣。
男:在每一次讲座中,我都尽力听,我真的尽力了。但大约10分钟后,我的思维就开始开小差了,我的注意力也不集中了。但我看你似乎没事。你是如何在整整一小时里保持专注的?
女:[9] 嗯,我所做的就是让我的笔一直动。
男:你指的是什么?
女:这是我读到的一种主动集中注意力的方法。[9] 集中注意力最有效的方法之一就是写下来。但必须手写完成,而不是在键盘上打字。你看,用手写字会迫使你以一种更依赖身体动作的方式让自己真正地投入到正在学习的东西中。
男:之后你会复习你的笔记吗?
女:有时候会,但这并不重要。我的笔记可能有用,也可能没有用,但重点是通过写下布朗先生所说的内容,我可以更轻松地跟随他的思路。事实上,有时我也会画一画。
男:你在课堂上画画,而这有助于你集中注意力?
女:是的,老实说,这对我有用。我只是画细细的线条和一些无意义的东西。这也是我读过的那篇文章中提到的方法。[10] 这可以让人保持头脑活跃,防止感到无聊,并有助于集中注意力。同样,关键是要在保持笔一直动的同时努力倾听。如果我在家需要学习的话,我采用的做法就是大声朗读。这与用手书写效果相似。[11] 这有助于以一种依赖身体动作的方式记忆信息。
8.A) Informative.
B) Inspiring.
C) Dull.
D) Shallow.
Q: What does the man think of Mr. Brown’s lectures?
A) 能提供有用信息的。
B) 鼓舞人心的。
C) 无聊的。
D) 肤浅的。
问:男士对布朗先生的讲座有什么看法?
▶ 听前预测:四个选项均为形容词,描述的是对某事物的评价。
结论:本题很可能考查对话中某人对某个非实体事物的看法。听音时应该多关注对话中的相关陈述。
▶ 解析:本题问的是男士对布朗先生讲座的看法,注意答题时要分辨是男士还是女士的看法。在对话一开始,男士就感叹说:“布朗先生的讲座太无聊了”,所以C项是正确答案。
9.A) She types on a keyboard.
B) She does recording.
C) She takes photos.
D) She takes notes.
Q: What does the woman do during Mr. Brown’s lectures?
A) 她在键盘上打字。
B) 她录音。
C) 她拍照。
D) 她记笔记。
问:在布朗先生的讲座上,女士会做什么事?
▶ 听前预测:四个选项均以she开头,且后面接的动词词组表示“她”的动作。
结论:本题很可能考查对话中女士做了什么事情。听音时应该多关注对话中女士所说的相关内容,分辨清楚她是“打字”“录音”“拍照”还是“记笔记”。
▶ 解析:本题问女士在布朗先生的讲座上会做什么。在对话中,男士询问女士在布朗先生讲座上保持注意力集中的方法,女士回答说自己一直在用记笔记的方式来让注意力集中,所以D项是正确答案。
10.A) It keeps her mind active.
B) It makes her stay awake.
C) It enables her to think hard.
D) It helps her kill time.
Q: Why does the woman draw in class?
A) 这让她保持头脑活跃。
B) 这让她保持清醒。
C) 这让她努力思考。
D) 这有助于她消磨时间。
问:女士为什么在课堂上画画?
▶ 听前预测:四个选项均以it开头,且后面接的谓语动词和宾语her表明了it能够为女士提供某种“好处”。
结论:本题很有可能考查对话中女士做的某件事情能够给她带来什么好处。听音时首先应该确认it指代的对象,然后再听寻此事物能够给女士带来什么好处。
▶ 解析:本题问女士在课堂(讲座)上画画的原因。首先可确定it指代的是“画画”,然后在对话中,女士提到自己有的时候会画些线条或者无意义的东西,画画可以帮助她保持头脑活跃,防止感到无聊,并有助于集中注意力。四个选项中只有A项提到了“保持头脑活跃”,所以A项是正确答案。
11.A) It enables her to improve her pronunciation.
B) It helps her better remember what she learns.
C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.
D) It proves to be far more effective than writing.
Q: What does the woman say about reading out loud?
A) 这使她能够提高自己的发音水平。
B) 这有助于她更好地记住学到的东西。
C) 结果证明这是一种愉快的学习方式。
D) 结果证明这比书写有效得多。
问:女士对于大声朗读有什么看法?
▶ 听前预测:四个选项均以it开头,再根据后面接的谓语动词,这些都表明it可以达到某种效果。D项中还把it和writing进行了比较。
结论:本题很可能考查对话中女士的某种学习方法能够达到的效果,或者是否比“书写”更有效。听音时首先要明确it指代的对象,然后注意听此学习方法能够达到什么效果以及与“书写”进行比较的内容。
▶ 解析:本题问女士对于大声朗读有什么看法。首先可确定it指代的是“大声朗读”。在对话末尾,女士提到,自己在家学习时会大声朗读,并称这有助于以一种依赖身体动作的方式记忆信息,由此可知,B项符合原文,故为正确答案。
Conversation Two
听力原文&译文
M: And, where’s this?
W: These photos are from the Taj Mahal in India. [12] We went there about ten years ago for our honeymoon.
M: Was it romantic?
W: Yeah. The Taj Mahal was a very romantic place. The guide told us there is a famous love story behind this building that all Indians learn in school. I think it was during the 1600s, and the princess at that time died while giving birth to her 14th child. [13] The Emperor loved the princess so much and was so sad when she died, that he ordered the palace to be built in her honor.
M: Wow! That sounds very romantic. It looks amazing.
W: Yes, it’s gorgeous. It’s also larger in real life than it looks in the photos. The building is very tall and there are gardens and a wall around it all. [14] It’s all built in this white stone and some walls of the building are decorated with jewels.
M: It must have been very crowded when you were there.
W: Yes, it’s a very famous tourist destination, so there are thousands of visitors every day.
M: Was the rest of India crowded?
W: [15] Yes, very crowded in many cities. It was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets, especially through busy markets. And there are so many cars. Traffic was terrible but the people are friendly. The culture is amazing and we had a great time.
M: What about the food?
W: Indian food is great. There are lots of different dishes to try and every region has its own special food.
男:还有,这是哪儿?
女:这些照片都是在印度的泰姬陵拍摄的。[12]大约十年前我们去那里度了蜜月。
男:这地方浪漫吗?
女:是的。泰姬陵是一个非常浪漫的地方。导游告诉我们,这座建筑背后有一个著名的爱情故事,所有的印度人在学校里都会学到它。我想这个故事发生在17世纪,当时的王妃在生第14个孩子的时候去世了。[13]皇帝非常爱这位王妃,当她去世时他感到非常难过,于是下令建造这座宫殿来纪念她。
男:哇!这听起来非常浪漫。它看起来令人惊叹。
女:是的,很华丽。而且,它实际上比在照片中看起来更高大。这座建筑很高,周围有花园和围墙。[14]全部都是用这种白色石头建造成的,建筑物的一些墙壁上还装饰着珠宝。
男:你在那里时一定非常拥挤。
女:是的,这是一个非常著名的旅游目的地,所以每天都有成千上万的游客。
男:印度的其他地方也很拥挤吗?
女:[15]是的,很多城市都非常拥挤。有的时候太拥挤了,都很难沿着街道走,特别是穿过繁忙的市场时。而且还有很多车。交通很糟糕,但是人们很友好。文化非常棒,我们度过了美好的时光。
男:食物怎么样?
女:印度菜很棒。有许多不同的菜肴可供尝试,每个地区也都有自己的特色食品。
12.A) To spend her honeymoon.
B) To try authentic Indian food.
C) To take photos of the Taj Mahal.
D) To trace the origin of a love story.
Q: For what purpose did the woman go to India?
A) 度蜜月。
B) 尝试正宗的印度菜。
C) 拍摄泰姬陵的照片。
D) 追溯一个爱情故事的起源。
问:女士去印度的目的是什么?
▶ 听前预测:四个选项均以动词不定式开头,且B、C两项中的Indian food和Taj Mahal都与印度有关。
结论:本题很可能考查对话中某个谈话者去印度的目的。听音时首先要确定是哪位谈话者去了印度,然后再确定他或她去印度的目的是什么。
▶ 解析:在对话一开始,女士提到了两位谈话人正在浏览的照片是在印度的泰姬陵拍摄的,大约十年前她和丈夫去那里度蜜月,所以正确答案是A项。B、C和D三项都是利用对话中的内容设置的干扰项,并非女士去印度的目的,所以均可排除。
13.A) In memory of a princess.
B) In honor of a great emperor.
C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.
D) To celebrate the birth of a princess’s 14th child.
Q: Why was the Taj Mahal built?
A) 为了纪念一位王妃。
B) 为了纪念一位伟大的皇帝。
C) 为了纪念一位17世纪的皇帝的逝世。
D) 为了庆祝一位王妃的第14个孩子的诞生。
问:为什么建造泰姬陵?
▶ 听前预测:四个选项中都出现了表示“纪念”或“庆祝”的词组:in memory of、in honor of、to mark the death of和to celebrate the birth of。四个选项也都提到了皇室人物以及皇室事件。
结论:本题很可能考查印度历史上人们做某件事情的目的。听音时应重点关注相关信息。
▶ 解析:本题考查印度建造泰姬陵的原因。对话中,女士提到了这座建筑背后的爱情故事,由于皇帝心爱的妃子在生产时去世了,所以皇帝下令建造这座宫殿来纪念她,因此正确答案是A项。
14.A) It looks older than expected.
B) It is built of wood and bricks.
C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.
D) It has walls decorated with jewels.
Q: What does the woman say about the Taj Mahal?
A) 它看起来比预期的要古老。
B) 它是由木头和砖块建成的。
C) 它储存了许多无价的古董。
D) 它有的墙壁上装饰着珠宝。
问:关于泰姬陵,女士提到了什么?
▶ 听前预测:四个选项均以it开头,且包含了描写建筑物的词汇,如built of wood and bricks、walls等。
结论:结合前面题目选项中出现的泰姬陵和本题选项中出现的关于外观、建筑材料和墙面的描述,可知这道题极有可能是考查关于泰姬陵的一些细节。听音时要多注意关于泰姬陵外观、建筑材料等的细节,从而判断四个选项中哪一个是正确描述。
▶ 解析:对话中出现了女士对泰姬陵的描述:很高,有花园和围墙,用白色石头建成,且建筑物的一些墙壁上还装饰着珠宝。由此可知D项正确。A项未提及;B项的建筑材料描述错误;C项未提及。
15.A) Their streets are narrow.
B) Each one has a unique character.
C) They are mostly crowded.
D) Life can be tedious in some places.
Q: What is the woman’s impression of Indian cities?
A) 它们的街道很狭窄。
B) 每个城市都是独特的。
C) 它们大多都很拥挤。
D) 在一些地方,生活可能很乏味。
问:女士对印度城市的印象是什么?
▶ 听前预测:三个选项中包含有关地点的词汇,比如:streets、crowded和some places。
结论:本题很有可能考查印度某些地方的特点。听音时要多关注对印度某些地方的相关描述,从而判断出四个选项中哪一个是正确的描述。
▶ 解析:本题询问的是女士对印度城市的印象。在对话中,女士先明确指出,(印度)很多城市都非常拥挤,随后描述了印度城市拥挤的具体状况——人多车多,通行不便。由此可知,在女士的印象中,印度大部分城市都很拥挤,故C项是正确答案。其余三项均未提及。
Section C
Passage One
听力原文&译文
A Pew Research Center survey of more than 1000 Americans conducted in April 2016 finds that Americans continue to express largely positive views about the current state of their local public libraries. [16] For instance, around three quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need, and 66 percent say the closing of their local public library would have a major impact on their community, although notably, just 33 percent say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their family. A majority of Americans feel libraries are doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time as well as opening up educational opportunities for people of all ages, [17] and roughly half think their libraries contribute a lot to their communities in terms of helping spark creativity among young people and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new technologies. As in past Pew Research Center surveys of library use the April 2016 survey also measured Americans’ usage of and engagement with libraries. Overall, 53 percent of Americans aged 16 and older have had some interaction with a public library in the past year—either through an in-person visit or using a library Website. [18] Some 48 percent of adults specifically visited a library in the past 12 months. A modest increase from the 44 percent who said that in late 2015.
皮尤研究中心在2016年4月对1000多名美国人进行的一项调查发现,美国人仍然对当地公共图书馆的现状大体上持积极的看法。[16] 例如,大约四分之三的人认为,公共图书馆为他们提供了所需的资源,66%的人表示,关闭当地的公共图书馆将对他们的社区产生重大影响。尽管值得注意的是,只有33%的人称这会对他们个人或家庭产生重大影响。大多数美国人认为,图书馆在为人们提供一个安全的场所用来闲逛或打发时间,以及为所有年龄段的人开放教育机会方面做得很成功,[17] 而且,大约有一半的人认为,图书馆在帮助激发年轻人的创造力,以及为人们提供一个可靠的处所用以了解新技术的方面为社区贡献很多。和皮尤研究中心过去对图书馆使用情况的调查一样,2016年4月的调查也衡量了美国人对图书馆的使用情况和参与度。总的来说,在16岁以上的美国人中,有53%的人在过去一年中与公共图书馆有过互动——要么是以亲自拜访的形式,要么是使用图书馆网站的形式。[18] 在过去的12个月里,约有48%的成年人专门去过图书馆。相比于2015年年底44%的受访者的陈述,这一比例略有上升。
整体预测
快速浏览本部分所有选项,前两题的选项描述的内容均是某物/某事带来的好处,但是没有提及具体的事物,最后一题中有两个选项提到了图书馆,故可以大致推断该听力文章可能讲的是图书馆带来的好处,在听音时需要重点关注与图书馆相关的信息。
16.A) They help spread the latest technology.
B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.
C) They provide residents with the resources they need.
D) They allow free access to digital books and videos.
Q: What do most Americans say about local public libraries?
A) 它们帮助传播最新的技术。
B) 它们极大地丰富了人们的休闲生活。
C) 它们为居民提供了所需的资源。
D) 它们允许人们免费获取电子书和视频。
问:大多数美国人如何评价当地的公共图书馆?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项均为以they为主语的陈述句,描述的是they带来的好处。
结论:四个选项中提到的好处分别用动词help spread、enrich、provide和allow来描述,后面接的内容分别是technology、leisure life、resources和digital books and videos,动词和名词均是不同的词汇,因此听音时应注意辨析。
▶ 解析:这道题要留意问题中的most这个单词,对象是大多数美国人。讲话者提到,大约四分之三的人认为,公共图书馆为他们提供了所需的资源,66%的人表示,关闭当地的公共图书馆将对他们的社区产生重大影响,故C项为正确答案。根据讲话者所讲述的内容可知,接受调查的美国人中虽有人提及A项中的技术和B项中的休闲生活,但人数比例均未超过四分之三,即不是大多数,故排除;D项未提及,也排除。
17.A) By helping them find jobs.
B) By keeping them off the streets.
C) By inspiring their creativity.
D) By providing a place of relaxation.
Q: How can local public libraries benefit young people?
A) 通过帮助他们找到工作。
B) 通过使他们不在街头闲逛。
C) 通过激发他们的创造力。
D) 通过提供一个休闲场所。
问:当地的公共图书馆如何能使青少年受益?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项均为介词by+动名词的形式,同样描述的是某事/某物带来的好处。
结论:by doing sth.表示方式,可判断本题询问的是方式。四个选项中提到的动名词分别是helping、keeping、inspiring和providing,后面分别提及jobs、streets、creativity和place of relaxation,听音时应注意与之相关的细节。
▶ 解析:讲话者提到,大约有一半的人认为,图书馆在帮助激发年轻人的创造力,以及为人们提供一个可靠的处所用以了解新技术的方面为社区贡献很多,故C项为正确答案。A、B两项未提及,D项针对的人群范围不只是青少年,故排除。
18.A) Their interaction with teenagers proved fruitful.
B) They used libraries less often than teenagers.
C) They tended to visit libraries regularly.
D) Their number increased modestly.
Q: What does the 2016 survey show about adult library users?
A) 他们与青少年的互动证明是卓有成效的。
B) 他们比青少年更少使用图书馆。
C) 他们往往定期去图书馆。
D) 他们的人数略有增加。
问:关于图书馆的成人用户,2016年的调查显示了什么?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项均为描述性句子,浏览选项可大致推测问题是和得出某结论相关的内容。
结论:四个选项中,B、C两项描述的是they使用图书馆的频率,A项描述的是they和青少年的互动情况,D项描述的是they的人数,因此,听音时首先要明确they指的是什么,然后重点留意与they的具体信息相关的细节。
▶ 解析:讲话者提到,在过去的12个月里,约有48%的成年人专门去过图书馆,相比于2015年年底44%的受访者的陈述,这一比例略有上升。由此可知,D项为正确答案。其余三项未提及,故排除。
Passage Two
听力原文&译文
A Savannah cat is a crossbreed between a domestic cat and a medium-sized wild African cat called the Serval. [19] The unusual cross became popular among breeders at the end of the 1990s. And in 2001, the International Cat Association accepted it as a new registered breed. The Savannahs are tall and slim and can weigh up to 9.1 kilograms, making them one of the largest breeds of cats that people can own. They have a spotted coat similar to that of many types of wild cats and their ears are very large. [20] They are also commonly compared to dogs in their loyalty and can be trained to walk on a lead and to fetch. An often noted characteristic of the Savannah is its jumping ability. They are known to jump on top of doors and high cabinets. Some can leap about 2.5 metres high from a standing position. Cats are typically known for being very inquisitive and so are the Savannahs. They often learn how to open doors and cupboards. Many Savannah cats do not fear water and will play with or even dive into water. [21] Some owners even shower with their Savannah cats. Presenting a water bowl to a Savannah may also prove a challenge, as some will promptly begin to bat all the water out of the bowl until it is empty using their front paws.
萨凡纳猫是家猫和被称为薮猫的中等体型的非洲野猫的杂交品种。[19] 这种不同寻常的杂交品种在20世纪90年代末开始受到饲养者的欢迎。2001年,国际猫协会接受了它作为一个新注册的品种。萨凡纳猫又高又瘦,体重可达9.1公斤,使其成为人类可拥有的最大的猫品种之一。它们一身皮毛长有斑点,和许多类型的野猫相似,而且它们的耳朵非常大。[20] 在忠诚度方面,它们也普遍可以和狗相媲美,而且,通过训练,它们能够被人用绳子牵着走,能够为人叼取东西。萨凡纳猫经常被提及的特征就是它的跳跃能力。人们熟知,它们会跳到门框上和高高的橱柜上。有些萨凡纳猫能站着跳大约2.5米高。猫是典型的充满好奇心的动物,萨凡纳猫也是如此。它们经常学习如何打开门和橱柜。许多萨凡纳猫不怕水,它们会玩水,甚至会潜入水中。[21] 有些主人甚至和他们的萨凡纳猫一起冲澡。给萨凡纳猫一个喝水碗也可能是一项挑战,因为有些萨凡纳猫会立即开始用前爪将整个碗里的水拍打出去,直到碗里没有一滴水为止。
整体预测
快速浏览本部分所有选项,由各选项描述的内容以及关键词cat、long tails、owners和front paws等可大致推断,该听力文章可能讲的是与猫有关的内容,因此在听音时需要重点关注与此相关的信息。
19.A) It is the cleverest cat in the world.
B) It is an unusual cross breed.
C) It is the largest cat in Africa.
D) It is a large-sized wild cat.
Q: What do we learn about the Savannah cat?
A) 它是世界上最聪明的猫。
B) 它是不同寻常的杂交品种。
C) 它是非洲体型最大的猫。
D) 它是一种大型的野猫。
问:关于萨凡纳猫,我们了解到什么?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项描述的内容均和猫的特点有关。
结论:四个选项中分别提到关键词cleverest、unusual、the largest cat in Africa和large-sized wild cat,可推测本题考查与猫的特点有关的内容,听音时应重点听讲话者提到了选项中的哪些关键词及其相关信息。
▶ 解析:讲话者提到,这种不同寻常的杂交品种在20世纪90年代末开始受到饲养者的欢迎,故B项为正确答案。A项未提及,可排除;讲话者只提到萨凡纳猫是最大的猫品种之一,并未提及它是否是非洲体型最大的猫,故排除C;讲话者提到萨凡纳猫是家猫和非洲野猫的杂交品种,故排除D。
20.A) They are as loyal as dogs.
B) They are fond of sleeping in cabinets.
C) They have unusually long tails.
D) They know how to please their owners.
Q: What is characteristic of Savannah cats?
A) 它们像狗一样忠诚。
B) 它们喜欢睡在橱柜里。
C) 它们有非常长的尾巴。
D) 它们知道如何讨好主人。
问:萨凡纳猫有什么特点?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项均为以they为主语的描述性句子;四个选项依次描述了they的特点。
结论:四个选项中分别提到关键性的表达as loyal as dogs、sleeping in cabinets、unusually long tails和please their owners,听音时应重点听和这些表达相关的细节。
▶ 解析:讲话者提到,在忠诚度方面,它们也普遍可以和狗相媲美,故A项为正确答案。讲话者只提到萨凡纳猫会跳到门框上和高高的橱柜上,并未提及是否会睡在橱柜里,故排除B;C、D两项未提及,故排除。
21.A) They shake their front paws.
B) They shower with them.
C) They teach them to dive.
D) They shout at them.
Q: What do some people do with their Savannah cats?
A) 他们和猫的前爪握手。
B) 他们和猫一起冲澡。
C) 他们教猫潜水。
D) 他们对猫大喊大叫。
问:有些人和他们的萨凡纳猫一起做什么?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项均为以they为主语的描述性句子,且描述的均是做某件事情。
结论:四个选项中分别提到关键性的表达shake their front paws、shower、teach them to dive和shout at,考查具体的行为动作,听音时应重点关注they具体做了什么事情。
▶ 解析:讲话者提到,有些主人甚至和他们的萨凡纳猫一起冲澡,故B项为正确答案。A、D两项未提及,故排除;讲话者只是提到萨凡纳猫不怕水,它们会玩水,甚至会潜入水中,并没有提到主人教它们潜水,故排除C。
Passage Three
听力原文&译文
[22] When children start school for the very first time, parents often feel a sense of excitement coupled with a touch of sadness at the end of an era. This is the start of a new adventure for children—playing and interacting with new friends, sharing, taking turns and settling into a new routine.
[23] But of course, this is not the start of your child’s education which in fact began at birth. Back then, you would have been your child’s most influential teachers. During this time at home, your child would have learnt more than at any other period in their life. During your child’s first year in school much time will be spent in learning to read and they need to know that this is fun and worthwhile. [24] Your child will naturally copy you so it is important that you are seen reading and enjoying books, newspapers and magazines rather than just absorbed in screens. Ultimately an excellent education should be a close partnership between parents and teachers. A child’s year splits fairly neatly into thirds: a third at school, a third asleep and a third awake at home or on holiday.
[25] Irrespective of the quality of a school, a child’s home life is of key importance. It is the determining factor of their academic success. Your child may have started on a new journey but your work is far from finished.
[22]当孩子们第一次要上学的时候,父母们常常会觉得兴奋,还有一丝一个时期即将结束的悲伤感。对于孩子来说,上学是一次新冒险经历的起点——他们将和新朋友一起玩耍、互动、分享、依次轮流做事,并且逐渐适应一种新的日常生活。
[23]当然,这并不是你孩子教育的起点。事实上,孩子的教育在一出生就开始了。那时,你可能是孩子最有影响力的老师。在(入学前)待在家里期间,孩子能学到的东西或许比他们生命中的任何时候都多。入学后的第一年,孩子需要花大量时间来学习阅读,他们需要知道阅读是有意思的,也是值得的。[24]你的孩子会很自然地模仿你,所以让他们看到你在阅读并且享受读书、看报纸和杂志而不是只专注于屏幕是很重要的。归根结底,优秀的教育应该是家长和老师之间的密切合作。孩子的一年被整齐地分成三份:三分之一在学校,三分之一在睡觉,三分之一醒着待在家里或在度假。
[25]不管学校的教育质量如何,孩子的家庭生活是至关重要的。这是他们学业成功的决定性因素。你的孩子可能已经开始了一段新的旅程,但你的工作还远远没有完成。
整体预测
快速浏览本部分各题的所有选项,根据选项中出现的parents、biggest concern、school 等可大致推断出本文要讲的是和孩子、家庭以及学校有关的内容。此外,根据the moment they are born、depends on their parents for success、Choose the right school、quality of their school等可推断出本文可能涉及家庭教育和学校教育的角色或者重要性相关的话题。因此,在听音时需要特别注意相关信息,把握重点内容和细节。
22.A) Contented and relieved.
B) Anxious and depressed.
C) Proud but a bit nervous.
D) Excited but somewhat sad.
Q: How do parents feel when their children start going to school?
A) 安心且释然的。
B) 焦虑郁闷的。
C) 自豪但是有一些紧张。
D) 兴奋但有点悲伤。
问:当孩子们开始上学时,家长们有什么样的感受?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项中的词汇均为形容词,且都是用来形容人的内心感受的词汇。其中,前两个选项中的词汇是并列关系,后两个选项中的词汇是转折关系。
结论:该题可能考查某人或某些人对一件事情的多重感受,而且这些感受有可能是类似的,有可能是不同的。因此,听录音时需留意与各个选项中的词汇相关的内容,把握重点信息。
▶ 解析:讲话者一开始即开门见山地提到,当孩子们第一次要上学的时候,父母们常常会觉得兴奋,还有一丝一个时期即将结束的悲伤感,说明在对待孩子入学的事情上,父母们有着矛盾的心理感受,因此D项与讲话中的表述含义一致,为正确答案。A、B和C三项在讲话中未提及,故均可排除。
23.A) It starts the moment they are born.
B) It depends on their parents for success.
C) It is gaining increasing public attention.
D) It is becoming parents’ biggest concern.
Q: What does the passage say about children’s education?
A) 孩子的教育从一出生就开始了。
B) 孩子教育的成功取决于他们的父母。
C) 公众对孩子教育话题的关注与日俱增。
D) 孩子的教育逐渐成为父母最关心的事情。
问:关于孩子的教育,这篇文章说了什么?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项均以代词it开头,讲述了四种不同的情况。
结论:该题可能考查围绕某一个话题而展开的几种不同观点,根据选项可以看出这一话题关系到孩子和父母,即孩子的教育问题,因此,听录音时需留意与各个选项中的词汇相关的内容,把握重点信息。
▶ 解析:讲话者提到,这并不是你孩子教育的起点,事实上,孩子的教育在一出生就开始了,那时,你可能是孩子最有影响力的老师,因此A项与讲话中的内容相符,为正确答案。B项与讲话中提到的优秀的教育应该是家长和老师之间的密切合作相违背,故不正确。C项和D项在讲话中未提及,故均可排除。
24.A) Choose the right school for them.
B) Help them to learn by themselves.
C) Read books and magazines to them.
D) Set a good example for them to follow.
Q: What should parents do for the success of their children’s education?
A) 为孩子选择合适的学校。
B) 帮助孩子自学。
C) 读书籍和杂志给孩子听。
D) 为孩子树立一个好榜样。
问:为了使孩子的教育成功,父母应该怎么做?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项均是以动词原形开头的祈使句,且是针对某一事情的不同举措。
结论:四个选项的关键信息分别是choose the right school、learn by themselves、read books and magazines、set a good example,这些也是听录音时可能会听到的关键词,考查的是考生获取和分辨信息的能力,因此,听录音时需留意与各个选项相关的内容,把握重点信息。
▶ 解析:讲话中提到,你的孩子会很自然地模仿你,所以让他们看到你在阅读并且享受读书、看报纸和杂志而不是只专注于屏幕是很重要的,因此讲话中强调的是家长的榜样作用,故D项与讲话中的内容一致,为正确答案。A项和B项在讲话中未提及,C项是说给孩子读书,而讲话中的内容是让孩子看到你在阅读,意思上有差异,故A、B和C均可排除。
25.A) Their intelligence.
B) Their home life.
C) The quality of their school.
D) The effort they put in learning.
Q: What does the passage say is the key factor of children’s academic success?
A) 他们的智力。
B) 他们的家庭生活。
C) 他们学校的教学质量。
D) 他们学习所投入的精力。
问:根据这篇文章,孩子学业成功的关键因素是什么?
▶ 解题思路:四个选项都是名词或名词性短语,强调的是某种因素,前两个以their开头,第三个选项中有their,最后一个选项有they。
结论:该题可能考查影响某一事件的因素。四个选项中分别强调的是intelligence、home life、quality和effort,因此,听录音时需留意与这几个选项相关的内容,把握重点信息。
▶ 解析:讲话中提到,不管学校的教育质量如何,孩子的家庭生活是至关重要的,这是他们学业成功的决定性因素,因此B项与讲话中的表述含义一致,为正确答案。A、C和D三项在讲话中未提及,故均可排除。